Everything about The Assize Of Northampton totally explained
The
Assize of Northampton, largely based on the
Assize of Clarendon of
1166, is among a series of measures taken by King
Henry II of England which solidified the rights of the knightly tenants and made all possession of land subject to and guaranteed by royal law.
The assize is believed to have been passed at a council held in
Northampton in January
1176. The assize contained severe penalties for various offences and gave the justices substantial powers at the expense of the
sheriffs. The assize is connected with the reorganization of itinerant justices and contains instructions for six groups of justices appointed to tour the country. Later clauses deal with the introduction of important new legislation, chiefly the king's right to have certain cases brought into his court.
The assize was a strong response to a
crime-wave then being experienced and gave additional powers to the authorities by creating new offences that a judge could examine, including:
- Arson &
- Forgery
and set down new and severe punishments that could be handed down, including the removal of an offender's right hand.
The Assize of Northampton is also the first official document to contain information on the possessory assizes of
mort d'ancestor and
novel disseisin.
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